Functions in C

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Contents :

1.    Functions

2.    Types of Functions :

o    Built In Functions

o    User Defined Functions

3.    Function Call By Passing Value

4.    Function Call By Returning Value

5.    Function Call By Passing and Returning Value

6.    Advantages

7.    Recursion (Recursive Function)

Functions in C :

The function is a self contained block of statements which performs a coherent task of a same kind.

C program does not execute the functions directly. It is required to invoke or call that functions. When a function is called in a program then program control goes to the function body. Then, it executes the statements which are involved in a function body. Therefore, it is possible to call fuction whenever we want to process that functions statements.

Types of functions :

There are 2(two) types of functions as:

1. Built in Functions
2. User Defined Functions

1. Built in Functions :

These functions are also called as 'library functions'. These functions are provided by system. These functions are stored in library files. e.g.

·         scanf()

·         printf()

·         strcpy

·         strlwr

·         strcmp

·         strlen

·         strcat

1. User Defined Functions :

The functions which are created by user for program are known as 'User defined functions'.

Syntax:

void main()

{

       // Function prototype

       <return_type><function_name>([<argu_list>]);

      

       // Function Call

       <function_name>([<arguments>]);

}

// Function definition

<return_type><function_name>([<argu_list>]);

{

       <function_body>;

}

Program :

/*  Program to demonstrate function.

Creation Date : 23 Nov 2010 11:31:20 AM

Author : www.technoexam.com [Technowell, Sangli] */

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void add()

{

       int a, b, c;

       clrscr();

       printf("\n Enter Any 2 Numbers : ");

       scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);

       c = a + b;

       printf("\n Addition is : %d",c);

}

void main()

{

       void add();

       add();

       getch();

}

Output :

 Enter Any 2 Numbers : 23 6

 Addition is : 29_

* Function Call By Passing Value

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* Function Call By Returning Value

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* Function Call By Passing and Returning Value

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Advantages :

·         It is easy to use.

·         Debugging is more suitable for programs.

·         It reduces the size of a program.

·         It is easy to understand the actual logic of a program.

·         Highly suited in case of large programs.

·         By using functions in a program, it is possible to construct modular and structured programs.

* Recursion (Recursive Function)

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